Which historic document concerning slavery did President Abraham Lincoln sign on January 1, 1863?

While it was a major step towards the abolition of slavery in the United States, the Emancipation Proclamation declared the freedom of only a subset of slaves: those living in the rebel states of the Confederacy. Slaves in neutral border states and in those already controlled by the Union were exempted in order to avoid conflict. The document also declared that liberated black men could now enlist in the Union Army; by the Civil War's end, nearly 200,000 black soldiers had fought for the Union and the cause of freedom.

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