This mathematician created the first non-numeric coding language, teaching computers "to talk".

"Nobody believed that..." Grace Hopper said of her colleagues, when she introduced them to her computer programming commands. "They told me computers could only do arithmetic." In 1952, Hopper invented the first compiler, which allowed programmers to code in their own language. Nicknamed "Amazing Grace," the US Navy reserve officer and mathematician also co-created the first universal government and business programming language, known as COBOL.

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