Let's change gears with this question. What is the mechanism located near the pedals that is responsible for changing the front gears?

Answer Front Derailleur

The front derailleur allows you to change the front set of gears to adjust the resistance of your ride. When shifting gears while riding, the change in tension shifts the chain guide sideways derailing the chain onto another gear. Technically what we refer to as gears, are actually considered sprockets.

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