Fought from 1846 to 1848, this war was buoyed by a dispute over where to draw the lines of the southern border of the U.S.

Not long after the U.S. annexed the Republic of Texas, the territory's boundaries had to be set. The U.S. claimed Texas ended at the Rio Grande. Mexico claimed it ended at Nueces River. Thus, the Mexican-American War erupted and ended with the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, which gave the U.S. not only the disputed Texas territory but that of California and New Mexico as well, in exchange for $15 million dollars.

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